A Comparative Analysis on the Effects of Two Different Grafts on Gingival Phenotype, Dentin Hypersensitivity, and Quality of Life: A 6-month Split-mouth Study

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to compare the effects of two surgical treatments of multiple gingival recessions on gingival phenotype over 6 months. Moreover, dentin hypersensitivity and quality of life scores were also monitored over time. Materials and Methods In this longitudinal split-mouth study, 90 upper-class Recession Type 2 (RT2) bilateral gingival recessions (GR) were randomly (right or left side) assigned to coronally advanced flaps with connective tissue graft (CTG group) or xenogeneic collagen matrix (XCM group). The primary outcome was GR reduction after surgical procedures. At the preoperative visit, 3- and 6-months gingival thickness through cone-beam computed tomography using lip retractors were determined. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and stimulated dentin hypersensitivity were evaluated by the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) instrument and visual analogic scale, respectively. Results A thicker gingival phenotype was seen at 6 months, indicating phenotype improvement. Both techniques showed similar results (p > 0.05) over time regarding root covering (CTG = 74.19% and XCM = 77.41%). At 6 months, dentin hypersensitivity only decreased in the XCM group. Independently of the treatment group, statistically significant improvements were observed (Friedman test; p < 0.05) in physical pain and limitation, psychological discomfort, and limitation domains favoring OHRQoL. Conclusion Gingival phenotype improved over time independently of the technique. Both surgical treatments provided similar and adequate recovery of multiple gingival recessions. At 6 months, patients experienced a better quality of life profile related to oral health. Moreover, the XCM group experienced lower dentin hypersensitivity.