Comparative Study of Nutritional and Phytochemical Attributes of Andrographis paniculata, Bryophyllum pinnatum and Clitoria ternatea for Nutraceutical Applications

Abstract

Background:Andrographis paniculata, Bryophyllum pinnatum and Clitoria ternatea are the nutritionally adequate herbs that are easily accessible and low cost. The presence of phytochemicals makes them helpful in the management of various diseases specifically being diabetes, anemia and hypertension leading to prevention of heart diseases.Objective:Current investigation is aimed to determine the nutritional and phytochemical composition of leaves of Andrographis paniculata, Bryophyllum pinnatum and Clitoria ternatea.Methods:All the experiments were done according to standard procedures of the Association of Analytical Communities (AOAC).Results:Leaves of Clitoria ternatea were recorded to have a maximum concentration of vitamin C, compared to Andrographis paniculata and Bryophyllum pinnatum. Simultaneously, carbohydrate content was also recorded to be maximum and found significantly higher (p<0.05) as compared to Andrographis paniculata and Bryophyllum pinnatum. Leaves of Andrographis paniculata were found to have maximum contents of ash, manganese, calcium, sodium and iron which were also significantly higher (P<0.05) as compared to Bryophyllum pinnatum and Clitoria ternatea. Levels of potassium, magnesium and phosphorus were recorded maximum in Bryophyllum pinnatum among the three herbs studied. Levels of alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins were recorded to be significantly elevated (P<0.05) in Clitoria ternatea among studied herbs. Meanwhile, saponins and phenolic compounds were found to be maximum in leaves of Bryophyllum pinnatum and they were significantly elevated (P<0.05) as compared to Andrographis paniculata and Clitoria ternatea.Conclusion:Nutrients and phytoconstituents help to maintain nutritional status as well as prevent various disorders. Therefore, they should be included as a dietary supplement.