Diagnostic Approach to the Patients with Suspected Primary Immunodeficiency-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Diagnostic Approach to the Patients with Suspected Primary Immunodeficiency

Published:2020-02-14 Issue:2 Volume:20 Page:157-171
ISSN:1871-5303
Container-title:Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets
language:en
Short-container-title:EMIDDT

Author:

Tavakol Marzieh¹,Jamee Mahnaz²,Azizi Gholamreza¹,Sadri Homa¹,Bagheri Yasser³,Zaki-Dizaji Majid⁴,Mahdavi Fatemeh Sadat²,Jadidi-Niaragh Farhad⁵,Tajfirooz Sanaz⁶,Kamali Ali N.⁷,Aghamahdi Fatemeh¹,Noorian Shahab⁸,Kojidi Habibeh Taghavi⁸,Mosavian Mehdi¹,Matani Rahman⁹,Dolatshahi Elahe¹⁰,Porrostami Kumars⁶,Elahimehr Nasrin⁶,Fatemi-Abhari Marzie⁶,Sharifi Laleh¹¹,Arjmand Reza¹²,Haghi Sabahat¹³,Zainaldain Hamed¹⁴,Yazdani Reza¹⁴,Shaghaghi Mohammadreza¹⁵,Abolhassani Hassan¹⁶,Aghamohammadi Asghar¹⁴

Affiliation:

1. Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

2. Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

3. Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), 5 azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

4. Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran

5. Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

6. Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

7. CinnaGen Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

8. Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

9. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

10. Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

11. Uro- Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

12. Department of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

13. Department of Hematology &Oncology, School of Medicine, Alborz university of medical sciences, Karaj, Iran

14. Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

15. Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States

16. Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden

Abstract

Background and Objective: Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are a group of more than 350 disorders affecting distinct components of the innate and adaptive immune systems. In this review, the classic and advanced stepwise approach towards the diagnosis of PIDs are simplified and explained in detail. Results: Susceptibility to recurrent infections is the main hallmark of almost all PIDs. However, noninfectious complications attributable to immune dysregulation presenting with lymphoproliferative and/or autoimmune disorders are not uncommon. Moreover, PIDs could be associated with misleading presentations including allergic manifestations, enteropathies, and malignancies. Conclusion: Timely diagnosis is the most essential element in improving outcome and reducing the morbidity and mortality in PIDs. This wouldn’t be possible unless the physicians keep the diagnosis of PID in mind and be sufficiently aware of the approach to these patients.

Funder

Alborz University of Medical Sciences

Publisher

Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.

Subject

Immunology and Allergy,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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