Risk of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases with Antiarrhythmic Drugs in Arrhythmia Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Aim: The risk factors for systemic autoimmune disease (SAD)s with antiarrhythmic drug(AAD)s in arrhythmia patients are still unclear. This study was discussed this risk factors for SADs with AADs in arrhythmia patients. Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort design and analyzed this relationship in an Asian population. Patients without a prior diagnosis of SADs were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2013. Cox regression models were estimated the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval [CI] of SAD. Results: We estimated the data of participants aged ≧ 20 or ≦ 100 years old and free of SADs at baseline. AAD users (n = 138376) had a significantly increased risk of SADs over non-AAD users. There was a significant higher risk of developing SADs in all age and sex categories. The patients who received AADs, the autoimmune disease with the significantly higher risk was systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) (adjusted HR [aHR] 1.53, 95%CI, 1.04-2.26), Sjögren syndrome (SjS) (adjusted HR [aHR] 2.06, 95%CI, 1.59-2.66) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (aHR, 1.57, 95%CI, 1.26-1.94). Conclusion: We concluded that there were statistical associations between AADs and SADs, and the higher incidence was SLE, SjS and RA in arrhythmia patients.