Effects of ‘road friendly’ suspensions on long-term flexible pavement performance

Abstract

This paper examines the effects of ‘road friendly’ heavy goods vehicle suspensions on long-term flexible pavement performance. A deterministic ‘whole-life pavement performance model’ (WLPPM) is used to calculate pavement damage due to realistic traffic and environmental loading. The traffic is modelled first as a fleet of steel-sprung heavy goods vehicles and second as a fleet of ‘road friendly’ air-suspended vehicles. The pavement life predictions are compared for the two cases and with results from a simple road damage analysis based on the ‘fourth power law’. It is concluded that changing to a fleet of ‘road friendly’ vehicles would not significantly affect the life or maintenance costs of thicker asphalt pavements (motorways and trunk roads) where the mode of failure is permanent deformation (rutting). However, the life of thinner pavements (minor roads) that fail by fatigue damage and pot-holing would be increased significantly if the vehicle fleet changed to road friendly suspensions. Predictions from the simplified fourth power law approach tend to significantly overestimate the benefits of road friendly suspensions for major road conditions compared to the WLPPM predictions. It is concluded that the potential economic benefits in England and Wales of converting to air suspensions may be only 30 per cent of those predicted by the authors of the EC ‘road friendly suspensions’ regulations.