Nursing care plan on gas exchange impairment due to SARS-CoV-2: case report

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Over the years, mankind has been in contact with several viruses, which have threatened human existence by becoming pandemics such as influenza in 1918. However, in January 2020, the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention identified SARS-CoV-2 as the etiological agent of the 2019 coronavirus. So far it is known that 5% of patients with severe COVID-19 will require attention in intensive care units. To this end, critical care nursing staff use the nursing care process to prioritize the care of the critically ill patient. OBJECTIVE: To develop a nursing care plan by analyzing a clinical case of an adult patient with a diagnosis of COVID-19. METHODOLOGY: The case of a patient with a diagnosis of COVID-19 was analyzed to develop a nursing care process using the taxonomies of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, Nursing Interventions Classification and Nursing Outcomes Classification. Documentary research was carried out through a literature search in databases such as: Scielo, Medicgraphic, Google Scholar and PubMed. RESULTS: Three real nursing diagnoses and seven risk diagnoses were identified. The priority nursing diagnostic label based on Maslow's pyramid of needs was deterioration of related gas exchange. CONCLUSIONS: The critical care nurse takes a leading role in the care of patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19, the development of the nursing care process contributes to providing quality care focused on the well-being of the user.