Phytoremediation with Eichhornia crassipes and Cyperus papyrus in the Llano Dam in the Municipality of Villa del Carbón, State of Mexico

Abstract

The Llano dam is a body of surface water that has been used as a source of water for irrigation and tourist activities such as rowing and fishing tournaments; This dam is located in the municipality of Villa del Carbón in the State of Mexico and there is a history of contamination by enterobacteria and phosphorus (Razo J. et al; 2016). Due to the mentioned importance of this body of water, the objective of this work was to carry out phytoremediation through the use of islands based on recyclable material (PET) and with the plant species Eichhornia crassipes and Cyperus papyrus. The phytoremediation evaluation was performed over a period of three months considering 3 arm, center and curtain sampling zones. The presence of enterobacteria was evaluated as indicators of microbiological contamination and in terms of physicochemical parameters, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, hardness, sulfates, nitrates and phosphates were evaluated. The microbiological results showed absence of enterobacteria in the central area of the body in the last sampling, it should be noted that the behavior of the physicochemical parameters is very variable, the values of nitrates and phosphates are related to the presence of enterobacteria, when modified it has an effect on the microorganisms mentioned above. It is important to note that the lack of environmental education in both site administrators and visitors affected the efficiency of the islands as they were moved to the banks of the dam reducing the contact of the phytoremediation islands with water.