1. Breden F. Chippendale G.M. 1989. Effect of larval density and cannibalism on growth and development of the southwestern corn borer, Diatraea grandiosella, and the European corn borer, Ostrinia nuhilalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 62: 307–315.
2. Calvin D.D. Van Duyn J.W. 1999. European corn borer In . Steffey K.L. Rice M.E. All J. Andow D.A. Gray M.E. Van Duyn J.W. Handbook of corn insects. Entomological Society of America, Lanham, MD.
3. Distribution of the First-Generation Egg Masses of the European Corn Borer in Corn Fields1
4. Davis E.G. Horton J.R. Gable C.H. Walter E.V. Blanchard R.A. Heinrich C. 1933. The southwestern corn borer. U.S. Dep. Agric. Tech. Bull. 388
5. Attractiveness of Virgin Female Moths of the Southwestern Corn Borer123