Implementation Proposal of Substations for a Large Data Centres

Abstract

Large Data Centers (DCs) needs significant energy that enables uninterruptible and quality power supply for equipment and devices in the building. Connection between DC and Power System (PS) is realized through substations (SSs). Good design of SSs and connections between them, proper equipment dimensioning as well as enabling supervisioning and management of equipment in SSs are basis for achieving high reliability and redundancy in electrical energy power supply. The paper is divided in three parts. In the first part is given a proposal for SSs realization for different voltage levels. There are described components and devices of which SSs are composed and connections between them. Second part refers to protection systems for transformers, busbars and power lines. Special emphasis is on supervision and management for SSs equipment and systems that are described in the third part of paper. In the electrical power part the proposal for a 2N + 1 design of the redundant power supply for DC from PS is given. Challenge for protection system is to enable switch-off one or a few in the many transformers in the case of failure so that on all voltage levels, remaining transformers stay functional without interruption. Functional transformers equally take over the power load of one or more transformers that are in malfunction and turn off from busbars. In the case when one busbar or a busbar system is in fault, it is necessary to enable uninterruptible power supply of the DC through functional busbar systems. Substations equipment is connected to centralized supervisory and management system (SMS) realized according to IEC 61850 standard and Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) architecture. The paper provides a brief view of protocols in IEC 61850 standard and TCP/IP stack that are used in the SMS design. A vision of future automation development and application of artificial intelligence in SSs is presented at the end of the paper.