An Improved Embedded based PID Controller for Boosting Operation in Solar Energy-Battery Systems

Abstract

The proposed work introduces an improved PID controller for boosting operation in solar energy-battery systems, leveraging model-based controller (MBC) techniques. In general, boost converters are crucial for managing and optimizing power flow in renewable energy systems. While PID controllers are commonly used in boosting applications due to their simplicity, they often face challenges in adapting to the dynamic and nonlinear characteristics of solar energy systems. This can result in suboptimal performance and efficiency. Hence, a model-based controller with manual tuning is proposed to improve the stability and efficiency by systematically tuning controller gain parameters based on its system model. Extensive simulation studies conducted using MATLAB/Simulink shows that the proposed controller outperforms the conventional PID controller under various operating conditions, such as fluctuations in solar irradiance and changes in battery state of charge. Further, the experimental tests conducted on a prototype setup validates the feasibility and ability of the model-based controller to accurately regulate the solar panel output and efficiently charge the battery, which leads to enhanced performance. This work offers a promising solution for enhancing energy conversion efficiency and facilitates the effective integration of renewable energy sources into the power grid.