Physiological and biochemical aspects of the carp organism in conditions of increasing their viability when stocking water bodies

Abstract

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the defining role of the stage of early development in the ontogenesis of young fish in the formation of their growth rate potential. The physiological and biochemical status of the body determines the adaptive capabilities of hydrobionts, so the use of biologically active substances when rearing fish was chosen as one of the vectors for improving the development parameters. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of introducing technological elements (supplementary feeding, rearing) in the early stages of the ontogenesis of young fish. The study was based on theoretical (analysis, synthesis, comparison, modelling), experimental, and laboratory methods adopted in fisheries, physicochemical studies. A clinical examination of fish, monitoring of growth rates, weight gain, survival rate, and physiological state was carried out. The results show an increase in the viability of young fish, activation of metabolic processes, and improvement of blood morphological and functional parameters. The average weight of fingerlings exceeded the parameters in the control group for carp by 3.5% and for silver carp by 3.8%. The total number of red blood cells in the silver carp experimental group was 7.4% higher than the control (p < 0.05), haemoglobin content – by 4.7%, haematocrit – 9.9%. The total number of red blood cells in the blood of carp in the experimental group was 4.9% higher, and the haemoglobin content was 3.1% higher than in the control group. In the experimental group, the total protein content exceeded the value in relation to the control group for silver carp by 15.9% (p < 0.05), and for carp – by 23.9% (p < 0.01). Enzymatic activity in the experimental group was higher compared to the control group. The proposed method of feeding helps increase the growth rate of fish. The practical value of the study is to help improve qualitative and quantitative parameters, in particular, the biochemical composition of the muscle part for carp and silver carp in samples in the experimental group in comparison with control values