Marker changes in the blood lipidogram in the pathogenesis of some internal diseases of horses

Abstract

Disorders in lipid metabolism in the bodies of horses (genus Equus) due to various factors often lead to the development of diseases, including those associated with the onset of metabolic syndrome. Therefore, determining marker changes in the serum lipid profile during metabolic disorders is a relevant issue in investigating the pathogenesis of the most common diseases in this species. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of lipid metabolism indicators in the serum of horses in a physiological state and in the case of the onset of colic, laminitis, and metabolic syndrome symptom complexes. The investigation of lipid metabolism indicators in the serum of these animals was conducted using an enzymatic colorimetric method with the use of a biochemical automatic analyzer COBAS C 311 (“Roche Diagnostics GmbH”, Germany). It is established that in the lipid profile of the serum of clinically healthy Ukrainian Hutsul horses, the share of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was 75.1%, low-density lipoproteins were 15.7%, and very low-density lipoproteins were 9.2%. In cases of pathologies with colic symptom complex in the serum of horses, the share of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased, while low-density lipoproteins increased 3.9 times compared to healthy animals. In the lipid profile of the serum of clinically healthy ponies, the share of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was 26.3%, low-density lipoproteins were 65.1%, and very low-density lipoproteins were 8.61%. In the case of laminitis in ponies, the dynamics of lipid profile indicators corresponded to those in horses. The established regularities regarding changes in the serum lipid profile in different representatives of the horse genus allowed specifying their role in the pathogenesis of certain prevalent pathologies. The results of the study are of practical value for application in clinical veterinary medicine and will contribute to conducting high-quality laboratory diagnostics of the most common horse pathologies (colic symptom complex, laminitis, and metabolic syndrome), characterised by lipid metabolism disorders