PHENOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE PHASES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CHEEPA VARIETIES

Abstract

The yield of chickpea seeds depends on the biological characteristics of the variety and the cultivation technology. Increasing the effectiveness of the factors for the intensification of chickpea cultivation should be carried out on the basis of modern requirements. For the cultivation of chickpeas, the duration of the growing season is important, since the growth, development and formation of the harvest of this crop can last from 60 to 130 days. The duration of the growing season is influenced by the genetic characteristics of the variety, the soil and climatic conditions of the region, and the use of certain elements of growing technology. Studying the rates of growth and development of chickpea plants in ontogeny makes it possible to reveal the most important dependencies of the process of formation of high productivity of this crop. In the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe, the difference between the varieties in the time of interphase periods was insignificant and was 2–3 days, so the duration of the growing season in the Triumph variety was 97 days, and in the Rosanna variety - 100 days. In the intensive technology of growing chickpeas, the use of soil herbicides is a mandatory measure. Treatment of chickpea seeds with biological preparations before sowing and application of soil herbicides affected the growth and development phases of chickpea plants. The duration of the ripening phase of chickpea varieties depended on the treatment of seeds with biological preparations and the level of weediness of these areas. It was established that the duration of the growing season depends on the genetic characteristics of the variety and the elements of the growing technology. The duration of the growing season in the Triumph variety was 103-104 days and in the Rosanna variety - 105-106 days. Treatment of chickpea seeds with Rhizobophyt inoculant and biofungicidal drug Biopolicid and application of soil herbicide Frontier Optima, 72% er, at the rate of 1.2 l/ha helped to obtain the yield of chickpea seeds of the Triumf variety within 2.20 t/ha, which by 1.67 t/ha higher compared to the level of productivity on the weedy control. The yield of Razanna chickpea seeds was correspondingly higher and amounted to 2.28 t/ha, which is 1.73 t/ha more than in the control plots.