SCIENTIFIC SUBSTANTIATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEMS AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL USING THE EXAMPLES OF PM2.5, PM10 AND OZONE IN WARTIME CONDITIONS

Abstract

The system of continuous air monitoring during active hostilities near Kyiv was turned off in order to ensure security and mask the movement of Ukrainian military equipment. A study was conducted to determine the impact of military actions on the movement of air masses contaminated with fine dust: solid particles up to 2.5 microns (PM2.5) and 10 microns (PM10). During the fall or detonation of rockets, artillery shells and mines, as well as during the movement of a large amount of heavy military equipment, a large amount of finely dispersed dust of PM2.5 and PM10 fractions is formed, which spreads over long distances and settles on buildings, soils and plants. Getting this dust into the lungs negatively affects the human body in the form of respiratory diseases and cardiovascular complications. Usually, it is almost impossible to collect and analyze all the factors and factors affecting the person and the environment, because it is too complex a system in which accurate data and calculations are difficult, especially during active military operations. The collected monitoring data can help in the general assessment of the impact on the population and the surrounding natural environment and assess the potential damage caused by aggressive military actions. During the study, the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 solid dust particles in the atmospheric air after missile, artillery, bomb attacks and other influential factors of a military nature was analyzed, as well as an assessment of the potential impact of such particles on the health of the population and the environment. Sampling was carried out on the territory of the city of Kyiv in the Shevchenkivskyi, Holosiivskyi, Obolonskyi, Svyatoshynskyi, Solomyanskyi districts. Due to the fact that it was impossible to predict the place of fall or impact of projectiles, some measurements were made in places as close as possible to the points of impact. The results of the analysis of the impact of PM2.5 and PM10 fine particles on the environment showed that due to atmospheric air pollution, the particles can settle on plants, enter the soil, water and subsequently negatively affect the state of local ecosystems.