PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES OF TOMATO PLANTS UNDER BACTERIAL INFLUENCE

Abstract

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L) is one of the most important vegetable crops widely grown around the world. However, the global economic productivity of this crop is limited to a number of phytopathogens. Bacterial spotting and mild rot of tomatoes caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato and Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, are one of the most common bacterial diseases that cause significant losses and reduce both the quality and quantity of fruits and impair the nutritional value of tomatoes. Tomato plants are affected by these pathogens throughout the growing season, the lesion is characterized by chlorosis, necrosis and rot. The aim of the study was to analyze the impact on the physiological and biochemical parameters of tomato sprouts affected by pathogens of P. syringae pv. tomato and P. carotovorum subsp. саrotovorum. It was found that strains of P. syringae pv. tomato IZ202014 and P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum IZ207 cause a 30-40% decrease in germination energy and seed germination of Black Prince, Northern Queen, Riddle and Liana tomatoes compared to the control. According to the analysis of physiological and biochemical parameters, the most resistant to pathogens P. syringae pv. tomato, P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum variety Northern Queen. Treatment of tomato plants with a suspension of the studied strains causes a decrease in chlorophyll content in seedlings by 58-93%. According to the chlorophyll a/b ratio, the Northern Queen and Black Prince varieties have the highest resistance to bacterial damage. Under the influence of cell suspensions of P. syringae pv. tomato IZ202014 and P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum IZ207 showed changes in the activity of enzymes of the antioxidant system in tomato seedlings, which indicates a decrease in the oxidative processes of cells.