ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACTS ON WATER QUALITY OF KYIV RESERVOIR

Abstract

The aim of research is to systematize the scientific achievements of scientists regarding the environmental state of the Kyiv reservoir, its hydrological, geological and biological modes of operation. The concept of the research involved identifying the main orientation and functions of the reservoir (the first investigated question); to analyze its hydrological conditions, landscape and relief changes (the second research question); to determine the main sources of influence on the environmental state of the reservoir (is the third investigated question). The research methodology was divided according to the investigated questions: the first and second questions: covered the synthesis and analysis of theoretical data of the work of international and domestic scientists; the third question – took into account a systematic approach, in particular, included the use of own expedition data (from summer 2021 to summer 2022 - seasonality) to detect abrasion changes, as well as to take water samples to determine biogenic elements and chemical compounds in the reservoir. Highlighting the main conclusions in accordance with the tasks, it is possible to note: 1) the main orientation of the Kyiv Reservoir, which includes the needs of the national economy and its functions, is substantiated. The essence of water-energy, transport-logical, water-regulatory, water management (water supply, fish breeding, irrigation), health-recreational, protective and transboundary functions of the reservoir is revealed; 2) the hydrological conditions, landscape and relief conditions of the Kyiv Reservoir were analyzed. It has been established that abrasion processes are observed on the banks of the reservoir - abrasion-slide and abrasion-slide banks were formed on the right bank of the reservoir since the time of its formation; 3) the environmental state of the reservoir of the Kyiv Reservoir has been determined. In the course of the analytical studies, it was concluded that there are processes of organic pollution in the reservoir of the Kyiv Reservoir, the main markers of which are excess concentrations of biogenic substances (N, P, and others). Their accumulation and income depends on a number of natural (air temperature, wind direction and reservoir flow pattern), anthropogenic (intensification of predicted sources of pollution), socio-economic (level of development of the state and population, level of development of innovative technologies - for example, wastewater treatment) and political factors (unstable military situation).