Human gut microbiota as a potential source to treat obesity

Abstract

The human gut microbiome is crucial to human health, illness, and diseases. These bacteria support the host system in a number of ways. Nonetheless, it appears that the species composition and alterations in the gut microbiota contribute to obesity. Screening of potential gut microbiota is inevitable at this point to address multiple health issues in the field of medical microbiology. Characterizing the gut microbiota of healthy individuals and determining the presence of inclinations to degrade cholesterol, which may aid in the treatment of obesity, were the objectives of the study.For this investigation 30 isolates were isolated from the faecal samples of the selected healthy individuals. On the basis of the morphological and biochemical features, 17 out of 30 isolates were selected for further studies. Based on colony morphology and biochemical tests 8 isolates were selected for screening of cholesterol degradation and lecithinase enzyme production. The ability of the selected isolates to withstand acidic pH was then examined throughout a variety of pH values. Additionally, their ability to withstand bile salts at various oxbile concentrations was examined. Based on the isolates' results, which demonstrate strong functional properties, 16s rRNA sequencing was used as a molecular methodology to identify them.The study's findings showed that the majority of the isolates that were chosen were non-motile, urease negative, catalase and oxidase negative. Lecithinase production was also negative in every isolate. Among the selected isolates 8 of them were selected for screening of cholesterol degradation. Two of the eight isolates that were chosen demonstrated the ability to degrade cholesterol, as evidenced by their production of two short chain fatty acids such as butyric and lactic acids. The ability to withstand different pH and bile concentrations were examined. High bile concentrations and low acid pH were conditions that both isolates could withstand and develop in. Based on the isolates' results, which demonstrate strong functional properties, 16s rRNA sequencing was used as a molecular methodology to identify them. It was determined that the isolates were MN294515 and MN535170.The majority of the cultures found in this investigation were gram positive bacteria. The two isolates of MN294515 and MN535170 can be further studied to determine which probiotic is more effective in treating obesity, a long-standing condition.