Study of histopathological spectrum of ovarian lesions

Abstract

Ovarian pathology ranges from innocuous non-neoplastic lesions to malignant neoplastic entities. The incidence, clinical appearance and the behaviour of the different types of ovarian tumour is extremely variable. In order to have a better understanding of frequency and histomorphological patterns of different ovarian lesions study was encountered in our tertiary care hospital.To study the histopathology of ovarian non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions and to study the distribution of ovarian lesions with respect to various parameters like age, bilaterality, gross and microscopic features.This is a prospective study of 125 ovarian specimens received in department of pathology, G.K. General Hospital, Bhuj during August 1, 2018 to July 31, 2020. Total 125 cases of ovarian specimens were studied, amongst them 58 were non-neoplastic and remaining 67 were neoplastic. The most common non-neoplastic lesion seen was follicular cysts 12 cases (21%), followed by endometriosis 9 cases (16%). Among 67 neoplastic ovarian lesions 58(87%) cases were benign, 3(4%) cases were borderline and 6 (9%) cases were malignant. In benign ovarian neoplasm, most commonly seen lesions were serous cystadenoma 24 cases (36%) followed by 13 cases (20%) of mature cystic teratoma. In malignant cases, maximum was of high-grade serous cystadenocarcinoma.Ovarian epithelial tumours are the most common type, while serous cystadenocarcinoma was the most common malignancy. Histological examination is gold standard and in certain difficult cases require immunohistochemistry.Ovary is an important reproductive organ with involvement in production of progeny.Ovarian pathology ranges from innocuous non-neoplastic lesions to malignant neoplastic entities. Ovarian neoplasms have become increasingly important not only because of the wide range of neoplasms, but also because they have gradually increased the mortality rate. The incidence, clinical appearance and the behaviour of the different types of ovarian tumour is extremely variable.