Functional outcome analysis of ilizarov ring fixator as definitive fixation of open tibial fractures

Abstract

: Ilizarov fixator for open tibia fractures permits axial micro mobility at fracture site to encourage bone regrowth. Literature search revealed dearth of studies from Indian centres which have evaluated its utility in open tibia fractures. : This was an observational prospective study conducted by Department of Orthopaedics at VVPF Medical College, Ahmednagar in Maharashtra, between July 2021 to June 2022. All patients who had open tibia fractures and managed by Ilizarov ring fixator were included. Duration of treatment with fixator was evaluated, along with range of motion at knee and ankle, union status and complications.: 30 patients were enrolled, majority being males (n=22, 73.33%). Most patients suffered from fractures of right side (n=21, 70%) confined to metaphyseal region (n=16, 53.33%). Commonest mode of injury was road traffic accidents (n=26, 86.67%). Based on Gustilo-Anderson classification, majority cases were grade IIIA (n=16, 53.33%). 23 cases (76.67%) were managed initially with external fixators, while 7 cases were directly managed with Ilizarov ring fixator. Most cases (n=15, 50%) received definitive fixation on day-3 of injury. Commonest complication noted was pin site infection (n=11, 36.67%) and delayed union (n=4, 13.33%). Knee stiffness at 30was noted in 3 cases, corrected by physiotherapy. All patients attained fracture union, with the earliest evidence of radiological union observed after 2 months of surgery. : As it allows for early full weight bearing mobilisation, has higher union rates and lesser incidences of malunion, use of Ilizarov external fixator maintains its importance in the management of open tibial fractures.