Epidemiology of acute myocardial infarction in a tertiary hospital in Hadhramout Governorate, Yemen

Abstract

: There is a lack of comprehensive data on the epidemiological characteristics and risk factor profile of adult patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Yemen. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics of AMI among adult patients in Hadhramout governorate, Yemen. Aretrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 01, 2023, to June 30, 2024, in Hadhramout Modern Hospital, Mukalla, Republic of Yemen. All patients admitted to the hospital with AMI during the study period were included in this study. We recruited 109 patients with AMI, representing 1.3% of all hospital admissions. The mean age of the patients was 61.56±11.02(35-90 years). Male patients accounted for 56% of patients (n=61), and the most common risk factor was diabetes mellitus 89(81.7%). The common clinical presentation was typical chest pain 98(89.9), while 5 patients (4.6%) presented with cardiogenic shock. Two types of AMI were identified: non-ST-elevation MI 29 (26.6%) and ST-elevation MI 80 (73.4%). All patients were admitted to the intensive care unit, and the mean length of hospital stay was 7.84 ± 2.64 (1-13 days). All patients received dual antiplatelet therapy, while 46 patients (42.2%) received streptokinase as intravenous thrombolytics. The in-hospital mortality was 13 (11.9%).AMI represents 1.3% of all hospital admissions in our hospital. It is more commonly seen in males as compared to females with diabetes mellitus being the most commonly associated risk factor. The in-hospital mortality was 13(11.9%) representing 4.2% of all mortality in the hospital during the study period. Our studyhighlights the challenge of prevention and management of AMI in our limited-resources governorate. People should be educated about the risk factors of AMI and a well-equipped cardiac center should be provided in Hadhramout Governorate.