Urogenital anomalies associated with anorectal malformations

Abstract

: Anorectal malformations are one of the common congenital anomalies with an incidence of 1-3000 to 5000. Up to 70% of the patients have associated anomalies. Urogenital anomalies are the most common associated anomalies. : This study was done to determine the type and frequency of urogenital anomalies associated with different variants of ARMs according to the Krickenbeck classification.: 150 patients were included in the study. A full physical examination of the child was conducted followed by an infantogram, echocardiogram, spinal ultrasound scan, and KUB ultrasound was done to investigate different associated anomalies. MRI was done if further clarity was needed. The patients were classified according to the Krickenbeck classification.: ARM with perineal fistula was the common type of ARM. 73% had associated anomalies, and 32% of patients had urogenital (UG) anomalies. 70.8% of patients had urinary anomalies. 52.1% of patients had genital anomalies. The most common type of urinary anomaly found in the present study was hydroureteronephrosis (HUN) (41.2%). 32.4% of the patients with urinary anomalies had vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Renal agenesis was found in 32.4%, neurogenic bladder 5.9%, hydronephrotic kidney 5.9%, ectopic ureter 5.9%, cross fused ectopic kidney 5.9%.: Urogenital anomalies associated with different subtypes of anorectal malformation vary drastically from patient to patient. The knowledge of these associated anomalies will help the surgeons in planning the course of treatment which can determine the prognosis and quality of life of the patients.