Morphometry of foramen transversarium of cervical vertebrae and its clinical significance in South Indian population

Abstract

Literature shows multiple variations within the foramen transversarium of the cervical vertebrae. To study the morphometry of foramen transversarium of the cervical vertebrae on both sides. The foramen transversarium of three-hundred-fifty dry human cervical vertebras of unknown age and sex was studied. The dimensions of the main foramen and the incidence of accessory foramen transversarium were measured and tabulated. Among 350 vertebrae studied, the accessory foramina was noted in 66 (19%) vertebrae. On 21 (6%) vertebrae the accessory foramen was noted on both sides of the vertebra and in the remaining 45 (13%), it was observed on one side. When observing unilateral cases, 30 were present on the right side and 15 were on the left side. In both unilateral and bilateral cases, the increased incidence of accessory foramina was noted more in the C6 vertebra. A significant increase in the diameter of the foramen transversarium was observed on the left side of all vertebras studied. Successful surgical management in degenerative, traumatic, and neoplastic diseases of the cervical spine needs well-detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the cervical spinal column.In our study, we found a noted increase in the incidence of accessory foramen transversarium. These morphometric parameters will be added data and can serve as a helpful guide while performing various surgeries of the neck region and for proper interpretation of X-rays and CT scan.