Dry eye disease associated with Primary Sjogren syndrome: An update

Abstract

Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a chronic, multisystem autoimmune disorder, characterized by mononuclear infiltration of exocrine glands and other organs, resulting in dry eye, dry mouth and extra-glandular systemic findings. Primary Sjögren syndrome is of particular interest to ophthalmologists as it constitutes an important differential diagnosis in conditions with dry eye disease. The ocular tests are of great importance for diagnosis and monitoring of primary sjogren’s syndrome. Also a better understanding of immunological mechanisms and molecular pathways have resulted in discovery of new therapeutics for local and systemic treatment. This article illustrates an update regarding pathogenesis, diagnosis, investigative procedures and treatment options for dry eye related to Sjogren’s syndrome.