To study the etiological factors for development of seizure disorder in neonatal age group

Abstract

This prospective study was conducted over the period of one year at M.Y. Hospital & Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, Indore, in the Department of Pediatrics, M.G.M. Medical College, Indore.Detailed history of present illness with duration of convulsion were enquired. A detailed history of mother during antenatal, natal and post natal period was taken. Type of delivery (vaginal/ LSCS; full term / preterm), enquired about the indication of LSCS. History of labour with particular ref to birth injury, asphyxia (delayed cry), neonatal history regarding jaundice & feeding history, detailed family history in relation to epilepsy convulsion and mental diseases were recorded. In 1st 24hrs birth asphyxia (88%) is most common cause of seizures. In 2 to 7 day age group most common cause were metabolic (hypoglycemia (28.5%) & hypocalcaemia (26%)). In > 7 day meningitis (80%) was the most common cause of seizures. P value was < 0.001. Out of 74 term babies most common cause of seizure was birth asphyxia (58%) followed by meningitis (16.2%), hypocalcaemia (13.5%), hypoglycemia (8.1%). Out of 26 preterm babies 30% had meningitis, 30% had hypoglycemia, 19.2% had hypocalcaemia, and 15.3% had birth asphyxia. 1 case of ICH was reported. P value was 0.004. In present study out of total 100 cases most common etiology was birth asphyxia (47%), followed by meningitis (20%), hypocalcaemia (15%), and hypoglycemia (14%). During 1st 24 hrs. most common cause was birth asphyxia (88%). In 2 – 7 day age group metabolic abnormalities (hypocalcaemia & hypoglycemia) was most common (54.5%). And after 7 days meningitis (80%) was most common etiology. In term babies most common etiology was birth asphyxia (58%) followed by metabolic (21%) & meningitis (16.2%). In preterm babies most common cause was metabolic (50%) followed by meningitis (30%).