Hypovitaminosis D among type 2 diabetes patients and non-diabetics at Libreville

Abstract

: Type 2 diabetes is resulting from insulin resistance and/or progressively reduced insulin secretion. Vitamin D nuclear receptor present on the β cells of the pancreas promotes the growth, synthesis and secretion of insulin. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency has been associated with numerous disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arterial hypertension, cancer, multiple sclerosis, depression, psychiatric diseases. Determine the frequency of hypovitaminosis D among type 2 diabetes patients and those without diabetes in Libreville. The study population was composed of 92 type 2 diabetes patients (cases) and 100 non-diabetics (controls). The vitamin D and glycated hemoglobin were performed using 25 OH Vitamin D total kit and FIA8000 kit respectively. The blood glucose, calcemia and phosphorus were performed using standard spectrophotometric assay. Insufficient vitamin D (<30ng/mL) was found among 55.2% of the study population that was 57.0% of insufficient vitamin D in cases and 53.3% in controls. In the general population vitamin D was not correlated to blood glucose (r= -0.0270). Thus, with glycated hemoglobin, no correlation was found with vitamin D among cases. However, a weak negative correlation of vitamin D with blood glucose has been found in control group (r= -0.2798). High hypovitaminosis D was found among cases and controls. Therefore and in regards of studies based on vitamin D supplementation, with an appropriate concentration of vitamin D or calcitriol, glucose homeostasis may be maintained. Moreover, implementation of preventive measures should be done to avoid disastrous consequences of vitamin D insufficiency.