Correlation of dental arch width and alveolar arch width with facial divergence

Abstract

Dentofacial skeletal anomalies occur as a result of a differential growth of the lower facial skeleton to upper facial skeleton resulting in malocclusion in transverse, vertical and sagittal plane. To correlate different Vertical facial types with Dental arch width and Alveolar arch width for the patients in North Indian sub population. Lateral cephalograms and study models of 150 untreated adults were selected and divided into 3 groups: Group I (Normodivergent), Group II (Hypodivergent) and Group III (Hyperdivergent) on the basis of (SN-MP angle, FMA, Gonial angle & Jarabak’s ratio). Dental arch width and Alveolar arch width were measured on maxillary and mandibular casts by using digital caliper. All the 3 groups were compared by using ANOVA followed by Post Hoc Turkey HSD test. Significant (p<0.05) correlation was seen for parameters of Dental arch width and Alveolar arch width in both maxillary and mandibular arches with Facial divergence. Dental and Alveolar arch width were maximum in hypodivergents followed by normodivergents and minimum in hyperdivergents in both maxillary and mandibular arches. Therefore, during orthodontic treatment it is suggested to use individualized arch wires according to each patients pretreatment arch form and widths.