Demographic pattern and visual outcome in patients with open globe injury

Abstract

: This study aimed to assess the demographic and clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and visual outcomes of open globe injury on the repair. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study including all patients who underwent repair surgery following open globe injury and are on regular follow-up visits postoperatively in a tertiary eye hospital from 1st July to 31st December 2021. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A include OGI patients undergoing repair within 24 hours, and Group B includes OGI patients who underwent repair after 24 hours of injury. All the study patients were studied in detail, including the Presenting features, mechanism of injury, preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, demographic data, and postoperative complications. This study studied a total of 100 patients (46 in group A and 54 in group B). Male predominance (>70%) was seen in both groups. In both groups, the highest number of patients (61% in group A and 52% in group B) were in ≤18 years of age. In both groups, the majority of OGI (52% in group A and 61% in group B) were Iron induced. In groups A and B, Zone I is affected chiefly, about 85% and 81%, respectively. Most OGI patients were admitted to the hospital with severe low vision on VA examination, about 54% and 63% in Group A and B, respectively. At three months of postoperative follow-up, BCVA was significantly improved In Group A than in Group B (p-value 0.05). 80% patients improved to normal vision in group A compared to 50% in group B. Open globe injuries should be repaired as soon as possible, even within hours. Initial visual acuity remains the strongest predictor of outcome; however, delay to primary repair reduces final visual acuity.