Orthodontic interventions during covid-19 pandemic

Abstract

To provide a comprehensive summary of the implications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on orthodontic treatment, contingency management, and provision of emergency orthodontic treatment, using currently available data and literature. Orthodontically relevant sources of information were searched using electronic databases including PubMed and Google Scholar and current reports from major health bodies such as Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization, Dental council of India and major national orthodontic associations. Due to the rapidly evolving nature of COVID-19 and limitations in quality of evidence, a narrative synthesis was undertaken. Relevant to orthodontics, human-to human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs predominantly through the respiratory tract via droplets, secretions and or direct contact, where the virus enters the mucous membrane of the mouth, nose, and eyes. During the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, elective orthodontic treatment should be suspended. Emergency orthodontic treatment can be provided by following a contingency plan founded on effective communication and triage. Treatment advice should be delivered remotely first when possible, and where necessary, in-person treatment can be performed in a well-prepared operatory following the necessary measures.