Frequency of occurrence of dental diseases in western Uttar Pradesh population: A retrospective radiographic study

Abstract

Dental diseases now-a-days are emerging swiftly thus making its control and prevention a tedious task. The outcome of dental diseases is boundless extending from pit and fissure involvement till development of malignancy. Thus, the prevention as well as control of dental diseases has gained importance. A thorough knowledge of prevalence of disease along with profound clinical examination are two most criterion for determining the presence or severity of disease. Dental diseases can be prevented by early diagnosis followed by immediate treatment. However, the progression as well as the severity of the disease is determined by calculating the prevalence stroke frequency of occurrence of the particular diseases. In view of above mentioned background, the study was done to determine the frequency of occurrence of various dental diseases in Western Uttar Pradesh population. However, the present study was not community-based but rather commenced radiographically. The present study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of various dental diseases radiographically. The dental diseases considered in the study are dental caries, periodontal diseases such as horizontal bone loss, vertical bone loss, presence of root stumps and impaction status. In the study, a total of 1500 radiographs were selected randomly and evaluated and the prevalence of various above mentioned dental diseases were determined. The prevalence of different dental diseases varies sporadically. In the present study, among the dental diseases, highest prevalence was found for dental caries (76%) followed by periodontal involvement (70%) then mesioangularly impacted teeth (2.7%) and so on. From the results, it could be interpreted that mostly radiographs are recommended for dental caries followed by periodontal status determination and rest for other diseases. Conclusion: Radiographic evaluation is an adjunct of clinical diagnosis. Diseases like Dental caries, bone loss, root stumps which cannot be visualized clinically require the radiographic evaluation necessarily. Hence, judicious utilization of radiographic procedures should be practised for the benefit of the patients.