Clinical profile of acute ischemic stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Stroke is the second leading causes of death worldwide and approximately 80% of strokes are due to ischemic cerebral infarction and 20% due to brain haemorrhage. Diabetes Mellitus is a very common metabolic disorder and it is an independent risk factor for stroke. Glucose intolerance in a stroke patient may or may not reflect glycemia prior to the event. This study is to assess the clinical profile of Acute Ischemic stroke in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.To evaluate the clinical profile of acute ischemic stroke in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This a cross sectional descriptive study. This is an cross sectional study including 64 patients.Maximum number of patients were in the age group of 60 – 69 years, with mean age of 63.59±12.59 years.The male to female of 1.37:1. There were 25 patients (39.1%) well controlled Diabetes patients, 16(25.0%) fairly controlled and 23 (35.9%) were poorly controlled Diabetic patient. The common risk factors were Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia, Rheumatic heart disease and Retroviral disease.HbA1c should be considered as an independent risk factor for poor clinical outcome and worse prognosis.Early diagnosis and treatment of diabetes including lifestyle modification and periodic monitoring of HbA1c levels may reduce the development of stroke and morbidity and mortality associated with it. Commonest clinical presentation was motor weakness (100%), cranial nerve dysfunction(45.3%), altered sensorium (29.7%), language disturbances (45.3%), sensory impairment(26.6%).