Diagnostic value of endometrial samples in women with abnormal uterine bleeding at a teritiary care centre

Abstract

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a most common gynecological complaint associated with co morbidities that affects quality of life in women. The Aim of the study was to ananlyze the hisopathological patterns of endometrium in women with AUB and to determine the various histopatterns among different age groups of women presenting with AUB. This is a prospective study conducted at Government medical college, Anantapuramu, from January 2021 to December 2022.Endometrial samples with clinical diagnosis of AUB, in whom Gestational causes were ruled out, were included in this study, Statistical data ananlysis was done using SSPS software. A total of 360 cases were analyzed. The prevalence of AUB most common in perimenopausal age group women. Mennorhagia (79.8%) was the common bleeding pattern. The bleeding pattern was significantly associated with age groups(p=0.00).The functional cause (64.2%) of AUB was more common than Organic cause (35.8%).The association of functional and organic causes with age group was not significant. The most common histological pattern was the normal cyclical pattern showing proliferative phase (54.1%). 94 cases showed hisopathological pattern of Hyperplasias that are more common among perimenopausal and postmenopausal age groups. Five cases of Endometrial carcinoma were seen among postmenopausal age group. Three cases were Stage IA, two cases were Stage IB. Obesity and hypertension were most common comorbid conditions seen in this study. Endometrial biopsy should be considered during the workup of women with a clinical diagnosis of AUB to exclude organic pathology especially early detection of precursor lesion of malignancy among perimenopausal and post-menopausal age groups.