USAGE OF NOT GRAIN PART OF SOYBEAN GRAIN AS ORGANIC MANURE

Abstract

The article presents the results of studying the biological yield of soybean grains, stems and flaps, their height and thickness sizes at the root neck, on the basis of which a new economical grinding device is proposed. Soybean harvesting is carried out by combines equipped with grinders, stationary or segment-type grinders tested on the experimental field of the seed production laboratory of FSBNU FNC VNII soybeans in 2020-2021. On the basis of histogram of straw interruption coefficient by threshing machine of beating type equal to 0.527 additional necessity of soybean stems grinding and development of new grinding device is established. In order to justify the optimal parameters of the grinders of the new sample, multifactorial experiments were carried out to obtain acceptable ground parts of soybean stems for their rapid decomposition in the soil. In order to obtain the necessary crops, agronomic science and long-term practice have developed various types of technological techniques, the use of which contributes to increasing soil fertility and increasing the potential yield of soybean. Experience shows that the atmosphere and soil are the source of nutrition for plants. Living organisms are a necessary concomitant component of soil. Soil organisms (soil biota), destroying the biological mass located in the soil and on the surface of the field, are suppliers of substances necessary for plant development and growth of crop rotation crops. Soybean straw and flaps contain 35.2-35.5 % fiber, 3.2-3.5 % protein, and 2.62-3.07 % chemical elements in % of dry matter, the decomposition of which will increase the content of humus and improve the structure of the soil. Technological effects aimed at maintaining the vital activities of these organisms make it possible to significantly increase soil fertility, which is a prerequisite for high yields of cereals and soybeans.