1. College of Computer Science, Sichuan Normal University, China and Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
2. College of Computer Science, Sichuan Normal University, Sichuan, China
3. Global Information and Telecommunication Institute, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
4. Faculty of Engineering, Al Ain University, UAE, Ottawa, Canada
5. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Duquesne University, USA