A Survey on Deep Learning and Explainability for Automatic Report Generation from Medical Images

Author:

Messina Pablo1ORCID,Pino Pablo1,Parra Denis1,Soto Alvaro1,Besa Cecilia2,Uribe Sergio2,Andía Marcelo2,Tejos Cristian3,Prieto Claudia4,Capurro Daniel5

Affiliation:

1. Computer Science Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna, Santiago, Chile

2. Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile

3. Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna, Santiago, Chile

4. School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London,St Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK

5. School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Australia

Abstract

Every year physicians face an increasing demand of image-based diagnosis from patients, a problem that can be addressed with recent artificial intelligence methods. In this context, we survey works in the area of automatic report generation from medical images, with emphasis on methods using deep neural networks, with respect to (1) Datasets, (2) Architecture Design, (3) Explainability, and (4) Evaluation Metrics. Our survey identifies interesting developments but also remaining challenges. Among them, the current evaluation of generated reports is especially weak, since it mostly relies on traditional Natural Language Processing (NLP) metrics, which do not accurately capture medical correctness.

Funder

National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) / Scholarship Program / Doctorado Becas Chile/2019

Magíster Becas Chile/2020

Millennium Science Initiative Program

Basal Fund for Center of Excellence

Fondecyt

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)

Subject

General Computer Science,Theoretical Computer Science

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