A Practical Wave Optics Reflection Model for Hair and Fur

Author:

Xia Mengqi12ORCID,Walter Bruce3ORCID,Hery Christophe4ORCID,Maury Olivier4ORCID,Michielssen Eric5ORCID,Marschner Steve3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Cornell University, Ithaca, USA

2. EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland

3. Cornell University, Ithaca, United States of America

4. Facebook Reality Labs, Sausalito, United States of America

5. University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Abstract

Traditional fiber scattering models, based on ray optics, are missing some important visual aspects of fiber appearance. Previous work [Xia et al. 2020] on wave scattering from ideal extrusions demonstrated that diffraction produces strong forward scattering and colorful effects that are missing from ray-based models. However, that work was unable to include some important surface characteristics such as surface roughness and tilted cuticle scales, which are known to be important for fiber appearance. In this work, we take an important step to study wave effects from rough fibers with arbitrary 3D microgeometry. While the full-wave simulation of realistic 3D fibers remains intractable, we developed a 3D wave optics simulator based on a physical optics approximation, using a GPU-based hierarchical algorithm to greatly accelerate the calculation. It simulates surface reflection and diffractive scattering, which are present in all fibers and typically dominate for darkly pigmented fibers. The simulation provides a detailed picture of first order scattering, but it is not practical to use for production rendering as this would require tabulation per fiber geometry. To practically handle geometry variations in the scene, we propose a model based on wavelet noise, capturing the important statistical features in the simulation results that are relevant for rendering. Both our simulation and practical model show similar granular patterns to those observed in optical measurement. Our compact noise model can be easily combined with existing scattering models to render hair and fur of various colors, introducing visually important colorful glints that were missing from all previous models.

Funder

NSF

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)

Subject

Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design

Reference57 articles.

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5. Petr Beckmann and Andre Spizzichino . 1987. The scattering of electromagnetic waves from rough surfaces. Norwood ( 1987 ). Petr Beckmann and Andre Spizzichino. 1987. The scattering of electromagnetic waves from rough surfaces. Norwood (1987).

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