1. R. M. Karp , "Reducibility among combinatorial problems," in Complexity of Computer Computations, pp. 85--103 , Springer , 1972 . R. M. Karp, "Reducibility among combinatorial problems," in Complexity of Computer Computations, pp. 85--103, Springer, 1972.
2. Ising formulations of many NP problems
3. Z. Bian , F. Chudak , W. G. Macready , and G. Rose , " The Ising model: teaching an old problem new tricks," D-Wave Systems , vol. 2 , 2010 . Z. Bian, F. Chudak, W. G. Macready, and G. Rose, "The Ising model: teaching an old problem new tricks," D-Wave Systems, vol. 2, 2010.
4. Quantum annealing with manufactured spins