Synchronous Programming with Refinement Types

Author:

Chen Jiawei1ORCID,de Mendonça José Luiz Vargas1ORCID,Ayele Bereket Shimels2ORCID,Bekele Bereket Ngussie2ORCID,Jalili Shayan3ORCID,Sharma Pranjal1ORCID,Wohlfeil Nicholas1ORCID,Zhang Yicheng1ORCID,Jeannin Jean-Baptiste1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA

2. Addis Ababa Institute of Technology, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

3. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States

Abstract

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) consist of software interacting with the physical world, such as robots, vehicles, and industrial processes. CPS are frequently responsible for the safety of lives, property, or the environment, and so software correctness must be determined with a high degree of certainty. To that end, simply testing a CPS is insufficient, as its interactions with the physical world may be difficult to predict, and unsafe conditions may not be immediately obvious. Formal verification can provide stronger safety guarantees but relies on the accuracy of the verified system in representing the real system. Bringing together verification and implementation can be challenging, as languages that are typically used to implement CPS are not easy to formally verify, and languages that lend themselves well to verification often abstract away low-level implementation details. Translation between verification and implementation languages is possible, but requires additional assurances in the translation process and increases software complexity; having both in a single language is desirable. This paper presents a formalization of MARVeLus, a CPS language which combines verification and implementation. We develop a metatheory for its synchronous refinement type system and demonstrate verified synchronous programs executing on real systems.

Funder

National Science Foundation

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)

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