Affiliation:
1. Weta Digital, New Zealand
Abstract
We introduce Loki, a new framework for robust simulation of fluid, rigid, and deformable objects with non-compromising fidelity on any single element, and capabilities for coupling and representation transitions across multiple elements. Loki adapts multiple best-in-class solvers into a unified framework driven by a declarative state machine where users declare 'what' is simulated but not 'when,' so an automatic scheduling system takes care of mixing any combination of objects. This leads to intuitive setups for coupled simulations such as hair in the wind or objects transitioning from one representation to another, for example bulk water FLIP particles to SPH spray particles to volumetric mist. We also provide a consistent treatment for components used in several domains, such as unified collision and attachment constraints across 1D, 2D, 3D deforming and rigid objects. Distribution over MPI, custom linear equation solvers, and aggressive application of sparse techniques keep performance within production requirements. We demonstrate a variety of solvers within the framework and their interactions, including FLIPstyle liquids, spatially adaptive volumetric fluids, SPH, MPM, and mesh-based solids, including but not limited to discrete elastic rods, elastons, and FEM with state-of-the-art constitutive models. Our framework has proven powerful and intuitive enough for voluntary artist adoption and has delivered creature and FX simulations for multiple major movie productions in the preceding four years.
Publisher
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Subject
Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design
Reference70 articles.
1. An extended partitioned method for conservative solid-fluid coupling
2. A practical octree liquid simulator with adaptive surface resolution
3. R. Barrett , M.W. Berry , T.F. Chan , J. Demmel , J. Donato , J. Dongarra , V. Eijkhout , R. Pozo , C. Romine , and H. van der Vorst . 1994. Templates for the Solution of Linear Systems: Building Blocks for Iterative Methods . Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics . https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=8IkWgiZ8kOwC R. Barrett, M.W. Berry, T.F. Chan, J. Demmel, J. Donato, J. Dongarra, V. Eijkhout, R. Pozo, C. Romine, and H. van der Vorst. 1994. Templates for the Solution of Linear Systems: Building Blocks for Iterative Methods. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=8IkWgiZ8kOwC
4. A fast variational framework for accurate solid-fluid coupling
5. Interactive Simulation of Rigid Body Dynamics in Computer;Bender Jan;Graphics. Comput. Graph. Forum,2014
Cited by
10 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
1. A Multilevel Active-Set Preconditioner for Box-Constrained Pressure Poisson Solvers;Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques;2023-08-16
2. Lifted Curls;Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques;2023-08-16
3. Pandora in Motion: Plant Simulation in the Avatar Sequels;ACM SIGGRAPH 2023 Talks;2023-08-06
4. Avatar: The Way of Hair, Cloth, and Coupled Simulation;ACM SIGGRAPH 2023 Talks;2023-08-06
5. Fire and Explosions in Avatar: The Way of Water;ACM SIGGRAPH 2023 Talks;2023-08-06