Towards Write-Activity-Aware Page Table Management for Non-volatile Main Memories

Author:

Wang Tianzheng1,Liu Duo2,Wang Yi3,Shao Zili4

Affiliation:

1. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

2. Chongqing University and Key Laboratory of Dependable Service Computing in Cyber Physical Society (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education of P. R. China, Chongqing, China

3. Embedded Systems and CPS Lab, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China

4. Embedded Systems and CPS Lab, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong

Abstract

Non-volatile memories such as phase change memory (PCM) and memristor are being actively studied as an alternative to DRAM-based main memory in embedded systems because of their properties, which include low power consumption and high density. Though PCM is one of the most promising candidates with commercial products available, its adoption has been greatly compromised by limited write endurance. As main memory is one of the most heavily accessed components, it is critical to prolong the lifetime of PCM. In this article, we present w rite- a ctivity-aware p age t able m anagement (WAPTM), a simple yet effective page table management scheme for reducing unnecessary writes, by redesigning system software and exploiting write-activity-aware features provided by the hardware. We implemented WAPTM in Google Android based on the ARM architecture and evaluated it with real Android applications. Experimental results show that WAPTM can significantly reduce writes in page tables, proving the feasibility and potential of prolonging the lifetime of PCM-based main memory through reducing writes at the OS level.

Funder

Research Grants Council of Hong Kong and the Germany Academic Exchange Service of Germany

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China

Germany/Hong Kong Joint Research Scheme

Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities

Innovation and Technology Support Programme of Innovation and Technology Fund of Hong Kong

Research Grants Council of Hong Kong

National 863 Program

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Chongqing

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)

Subject

Hardware and Architecture,Software

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