Unveiling the Insecurity of Operational Cellular Emergency Services (911): Vulnerabilities, Attacks, and Countermeasures

Author:

Hu Yiwen1,Chen Min-Yue1,Tu Guan-Hua1,Li Chi-Yu2,Wang Sihan1,Shi Jingwen1,Xie Tian1,Xiao Li1,Peng Chunyi3,Tan Zhaowei4,Lu Songwu4

Affiliation:

1. Michigan State University, MI, USA

2. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan Roc

3. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

4. UCLA, CA, USA

Abstract

The cellular network offers a ubiquitous emergency call service with its pervasive coverage. In the United States, it can be consumed by dialing 911 for cellular users, and the emergency call is forwarded to the public safety answer point (PSAP), which handles emergency service requests. According to regulatory authority requirements [1,2,3] for cellular emergency services, anonymous user equipment (UE) is allowed to access them without a SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card, a valid mobile subscription, or a roaming agreement with the visited cellular network. Such support of the cellular emergency services requires different operations from conventional cellular services, thereby increasing the attack surface of the cellular infrastructure.

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)

Subject

Cell Biology,Developmental Biology,Embryology,Anatomy

Reference12 articles.

1. GSMA. Official Document NG.119 -Emergency Communication (Version 1.0) July 2021. https://www.gsma.com/newsroom/wp-content/ uploads//NG.119-v1.0--3.pdf. GSMA. Official Document NG.119 -Emergency Communication (Version 1.0) July 2021. https://www.gsma.com/newsroom/wp-content/ uploads//NG.119-v1.0--3.pdf.

2. 3 GPP. TS 23.167 : IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) emergency sessions (Release 17) , Sept. 2021 . https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/ Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx? specificationId=799 3GPP. TS 23.167: IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) emergency sessions (Release 17), Sept. 2021. https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/ Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx? specificationId=799

3. Federal Communications Commission . FCC 911 Regulations: 47 CFR Part 9 : 911 Requirements, 2021 . https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-47/ chapter-I/subchapter-A/part-9. Federal Communications Commission. FCC 911 Regulations: 47 CFR Part 9: 911 Requirements, 2021. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-47/ chapter-I/subchapter-A/part-9.

4. Nils Aschenbruck , Matthias Frank , and Peter Martini . Present and future challenges concerning DoS-attacks against PSAPs in VoIP networks. 2006 . Fourth IEEE International Workshop on Information Assurance (IWIA'06) . Nils Aschenbruck, Matthias Frank, and Peter Martini. Present and future challenges concerning DoS-attacks against PSAPs in VoIP networks. 2006. Fourth IEEE International Workshop on Information Assurance (IWIA'06).

5. DDoS Attacks on 9-1-1 Emergency Services

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