Affiliation:
1. National University of Defense Technology, Hunan, P. R. China
2. ArchES Computing Systems, Toronto, ON, Canada
3. University of Toronto, ON, Canada
Abstract
MPI has been used as a parallel programming model for supercomputers and clusters and recently in MultiProcessor Systems-on-Chip (MPSoC). One component of MPI is collective communication and its performance is key for certain parallel applications to achieve good speedups. Previous work showed that, with synthetic communication-only benchmarks, communication improvements of up to 11.4-fold and 22-fold for broadcast and reduce operations, respectively, can be achieved by providing hardware support at the network level in a Network-on-Chip (NoC). However, these numbers do not provide a good estimation of the advantage for actual applications, as there are other factors that affect performance besides communications, such as computation. To this end, we extend our previous work by evaluating the impact of hardware support over a set of five parallel application kernels of varying computation-to-communication ratios. By introducing some useful computation to the performance evaluation, we obtain more representative results of the benefits of adding hardware support for broadcast and reduce operations. The experiments show that applications with lower computation-to-communication ratios benefit the most from hardware support as they highly depend on efficient collective communications to achieve better scalability. We also extend our work by doing more analysis on clock frequency, resource usage, power, and energy. The results show reasonable scalability for resource utilization and power in the network interfaces as the number of channels increases and that, even though more power is dissipated in the network interfaces due to the added hardware, the total energy used can still be less if the actual speedup is sufficient. The application kernels are executed in a 24-embedded-processor system distributed across four FPGAs.
Funder
Aeronautical Science Foundation of China
Key Project of NUDT
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Publisher
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Cited by
4 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
1. Collective Communication on FPGA Clusters with Static Scheduling;ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News;2017-01-11
2. Finding Space-Time Stream Permutations for Minimum Memory and Latency;2016 IEEE 24th Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM);2016-05
3. CORDIC-Based Enhanced Systolic Array Architecture for QR Decomposition;ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems;2016-02-03
4. An Enhanced Adaptive Recoding Rotation CORDIC;ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems;2015-11-24