Using the gene pool of CIMMYT cultivars and lines in spring durum wheat breeding in Western Siberia

Author:

Yusov V. S.1ORCID,Evdokimov М. G.1ORCID,Kiriakova M. N.1ORCID,Glushakov D. A.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center

Abstract

Background. Preservation and expansion of the source material genetic diversity and its purposeful use is the basis for the development of adaptable spring durum wheat cultivars for the environments of Western Siberia.Materials and methods. The target research material included the cultivars and promising material of Triticum durum Desf. developed in the Spring Durum Wheat Breeding Laboratory of Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center as well as the gene pool of cultivars and lines obtained under the CIMMYT International Cooperation Program. Field trials, disease resistance assessment and phenological observations were carried out on the experimental fields of the Institute in 2000–2020 according to generally accepted methods. Principal component analysis was carried out using the R version of the 4.0.3 package.Results. The studies have shown that CIMMYT lines differ from local cultivars and lines in disease resistance (brown rust, stem rust, hard smut, and powdery mildew), test weight, pasta-making properties, and lodging resistance, but under the conditions of Western Siberia they are significantly inferior in adaptability to local cultivars and lines and suffer greatly from drought, especially during the grain-filling period. In the genetic control of the studied traits, the additive-dominant system with the inclusion of the complementary recessive epistasis prevails. Local cultivars dominated in most of the studied traits, except the stem length, and the length and diameter of the second internode, where short-stemmed cultivars affected the degree of the traits’ expression in hybrids.Conclusion. The result of such activity was the release of cv. ‘Omsky Korall’, which combines high yield, adaptability to the climate of Western Siberia, and resistance to the local population of Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Erikss. et Henn. and Ug99, with excellent pasta-making properties, as well as the presence of promising lines in all breeding nurseries.

Publisher

FSBSI FRC N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources

Subject

Plant Science,Genetics,Molecular Biology,Physiology,Biochemistry,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Biotechnology

Reference18 articles.

1. Ammar K.. Durum wheat breeding. Annual Wheat Newsletter. 2009;55:112-114. Available from: https://wheat.pw.usda.gov/ggpages/awn/55/TEXTFILES/MEXICO_CIMMYT.pdf [accessed July 14, 2020].

2. Dremlyuk G.K, Gerasimenko V.F. Ways to analyze combining ability using computers. Programs for occasional crossings (Priyemy analiza kombinatsionnoy sposobnosti i EVM. Programmy dlya neregulyarnykh skreshchivaniy). Moscow: Agropromizdat; 1992. [in Russian]

3. Evdokimov M.G. Spring durum wheat breeding in the south of Western Siberia (Selektsiya yarovoy tverdoy pshenitsy v usloviyakh yuga Zapadnoy Sibiri) [dissertation]. Omsk; 2006. [in Russian] URL: https://www.dissercat.com/content/selektsiya-yarovoi-tverdoi-pshenitsy-v-usloviyakh-yuga-zapadnoi-sibiri [дата обращения: 12.08.2020].

4. Evdokimov M.G., Yusov V.S. Breeding of adaptive varieties of spring durum wheat (Selektsiya adaptivnykh sortov yarovoy tverdoy pshenitsy). In: Problems of breeding and seed production of field crops in Western Siberia and Kazakhstan. Materials of a workshop, Kulunda Agricultural Experiment Station, Altai Territory, February 27–28, 2001 (Problemy selektsii i semenovodstva polevykh kultur v Zapadnoy Sibiri i Kazakhstane. Materialy seminara, Kulundinskaya SKhOS. Altayskiy krai, 27–28 fevralya 2001 g.). Barnaul; 2001. p.16-22. [in Russian]

5. Evdokimov M.G., Yusov V.S. Spring durum wheat in the Siberian Irtysh region (Yarovaya tverdaya pshenitsa v Sibirskom Priirtyshye). Omsk; 2008. [in Russian]

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