Risk analysis and management according to Russian and international safety standards

Abstract

The paper analyzes the safety aspects outlined in national standards. The considered normative documentation answers the question of how to achieve acceptable risk levels. The basic concepts of risk assessment are presented. Positive changes in Russian safety standards are noted. There is no unified code in the legislation of the Russian Federation on environmental issues: there are federal laws, codes on certain environmental areas, as well as bylaws and legal acts of the subjects of the Russian Federation. Federal Law No. 7 “On Environmental Protection” should be mentioned among the main laws related to the regulation of environmental safety in construction. However, this law regulates the employer's leadership rather than their responsibility. The use of certain fines and penalties seems quite reasonable within the framework of improving environmental audit and management. At the same time, the international standard ISO 14001:2015 is aimed at forming a responsible attitude toward the ecosystem and natural resources as the most important asset of economic activity, rather than at specifying the need for managers to demonstrate leadership qualities as the main factor of environmental safety. As a result, risk analysts cannot be fully guided by the standards because they are not aligned with the universal international standard ISO 31000:2018, which creates a significant problem. An approach to risk assessment that describes the interaction of different scenarios should be developed, which will provide an increased ecological and economic effect.