Affiliation:
1. North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making
2. Kuban State Agrarian University
Abstract
One of the most dangerous diseases of woody plants is root rot. In the plantations of domestic apple, the main fruit crop of the North Caucasus, in nurseries and young orchards, an increase in the harmfulness of soil toxinogenic fungi from the genus Fusarium, as well as the genus Phytophthora has been observed in recent years. In the Russian Federation, there are no registered preparations against apple tree root rot. Therefore, the search for effective fungicides against this disease is a promising research area. In connection with the processes of ecologization of plant protection systems and due to the spread of organic farming methods, it is necessary to select and develop preparations of biological origin that provide a multidirectional effect against phytopathogenic fungi. The study is an in vitro investigation of the biological efficiency of various microbiological preparations against fungi of the genera Fusarium and Phytophthora which cause the development of apple tree root rot. The preparations differed in the number and nature of components and contained both fungal and bacterial organisms. The biological efficiency of the microbiological preparations was analyzed in vitro by agar block method with agar plate inversion. It was shown that the bioagents of the preparations “Agrobiovit K1”, liquid (L), “Vitaplan”, wettable powder (WP), “Sporobacterin”, WP, and “Fitosporin-M”, L displayed antifungal activity against the pathogens of Fusarium and Phytophthora apple tree root rot. Their biological efficiency was medium to high. Under in vitro conditions, the highest activity against the three studied species of the genus Fusarium was observed in the experimental preparation “Agrobiovit K1”, L. The most effective preparations against the Phytophthora sp. isolate were “Vitaplan”, WP and “Sporobacterin”, WP. It was also shown that multicompound preparations, as well as preparations containing both fungal and bacterial components had higher efficiency compared to single-compound ones.
Publisher
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding Agrotechnology and Nursery
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