Problems of creation of breeding material of the subgenus <i>Cerasus</i> (Mill.) A. Gray with resistance to coccomycosis (<i>Blumeriella jaapii</i> (Rehm) Arx)

Abstract

Currently, the problem of ecological production is becoming more relevant. One of the ways to solve it is the use of varieties that combine high productivity with sufficient adaptability to environmental conditions, have high taste and commercial qualities of fruits, are resistant to diseases, and significantly affect fruit quality and yield. The purpose of the work is to identify the problem and determine directions in the creation of breeding material for cherries and sweet cherries resistant to coccomycosis based on a literature review. When performing the work, open sources were studied and used, containing information on the distribution, etiology of coccomycosis, methods of its infection and spread, the stability of the assortment of cherries approved for use in the Russian Federation, as well as electronic scientific libraries. It was revealed that the main problem of creating such an assortment of the subgenus Cerasus (Mill.) A. Gray is the ability of Blumeriella jaapii (Rehm) Arx to overcome the resistance of the host, which is determined by its reproductive and population characteristics. Resistance to B. jaapii in the breeding material of the subgenus under study usually dominates and is controlled mono-, oligo-, and polygenic. It can be obtained with the involvement of donors of resistance to cocomycosis (13 species) in the selection process. Modern varieties and forms were created with the participation of a donor – Prunus maackii Rupr. and P. lannesiana (Carr) E. H. Wilson. The use of genetic methods in the work on the creation of breeding material of the subgenus Cerasus with resistance to coccomycosis will allow its intensification due to more accurate selection of forms with this trait.F