Lokalne wzory solidarności społecznej w sytuacjach zagrożeń naturalnych i klęsk żywiołowych

Abstract

The article is an attempt to conceptualize the initial approach to the study of local patterns of social solidarity in the event of natural hazards and disasters, based on selected findings by researchers of disasters and researchers of local communities. The conceptualization is an attempt to integrate the psychological perspective and the socio – cultural analysis of social reaction to natural hazards and disasters, as the essential framework for the discussion on local patterns of social solidarity. Special attention is given to determine how informal factors (eg. family condition, the role of neighborhood and social self-help network) and institutionalized factors (the role of NGOs and local institutions, including social assistance and local government) affect the specific patterns of solidarity in the event of natural hazards and disaster. Important in this analysis is the question about socio – cultural indicators that the strength of the solidarity of the local community or its weakness, which manifests itself in: 1 / areas of exclusion and marginalization in the local space and consolidating a sense of loss and marginalization of certain groups or categories of people, 2 / the phenomenon of erosion ties between local elites and citizens and weakening ties between organizations working in the area, 3 / shift by the citizen and local leaders responsibility for decisions on the structures and institutions external to the community.