THE INFLUENCE OF THE CONTENT OF INNOVATIVE INDICATORS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY’S ECONOMY (RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS ON THE EXAMPLE OF UKRAINE AND POLAND)

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of innovative development of Ukraine and Poland. Management of innovation processes requires knowledge of the specifics of innovation in Ukraine and experience in the application of innovations in other countries, including Poland. Innovative development requires significant financial resources, regardless of the economy and the country. The scientific community uses a number of approaches to measure the level of innovation and innovative achievements. At the same time, there is no single and generally accepted method for assessing the level of innovative development of countries. The results of the generalization of scientific achievements on this issue showed that the most common methodology is the European Innovation Scoreboard, which is proposed by experts from the Research and Innovation Department of the European Commission. The aim of the article is to identify key areas for increasing the level of innovation development of the country based on the results of retrospective analysis of indicators of innovation development and competitiveness of Ukraine and Poland. Reports from the European Innovation Scoreboard and the Global Competitiveness Index were the starting point for the study. The results of the study showed that the main obstacle to innovative development in Ukraine, in contrast to Poland, is the significant loss of scientific and technological potential during the years of independence. It is determined that one of the strengths of the Ukrainian economy, which forms the potential to increase the level of its innovative development, is human resources. On the other hand, the efficiency of economic relations, the level of favorable environment for innovation, as well as financial and institutional support for innovation processes are the weakest dimensions of innovation. Low-rated indicators include innovators with product or process innovations, marketing and organizational innovations, and so on. The results of a comparative analysis of the levels of innovation development of Poland and Ukraine showed the existence of large innovation gaps between the studied countries. It is established that Poland is a leader in almost all components of innovation development. In view of this, it is expedient to study the experience of Poland in ensuring the capacity building of the country's innovative development.