Current trends and problems of the IT sector in Ukraine: training and migration of IT professionals

Abstract

Today, the information technology industry is one of the most promising in the world and in Ukraine. The aim of the article is to analyze this industry in the context of human capital and identify key issues that will help the Ukrainian IT sector to reach a new level. The situation in Ukraine, along with world indicators, has a positive trend, especially in comparison with European countries. The main competitors are Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary, but Ukraine remains the main provider of IT services in the UK. In general, the crisis caused by COVID-19 has affected the information services market in Ukraine, but in recent years the upward trend in the staffing of top software companies has remained. At the same time, the crisis in 2020 led to a reduction in vacancies to a level lower than in 2018. Compared to 2019, vacancies were noted by 27.64% more than in the current 2020. It should be noted. That in 2019, IT specialists (FOP) paid UAH 6.1 billion in taxes to the domestic budget, or UAH 35.1 thousand per year from each IT specialist. The authors highlight the following problems of the computer technology sector: low quality of education and training of IT specialists in universities, emigration of highly qualified personnel abroad ("brain drain"), outsourcing of IT companies abroad, non- compliance with global and European standards, low demand for IT -services in the domestic market, the lack of evaluation indicators that can characterize the effectiveness of employees, the relatively high level of taxation of IT companies and sole proprietors and others.