CORRELATION BETWEEN THE CHANGES IN HYPERTROPHIC GEOMETRIC MODELS OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE AND CLINICAL, ANTHROPOMETRIC, METABOLIC-HORMONAL PARAMETERS, AND MINERAL METABOLISM INDICATORS

Abstract

Objective: to analyze the correlation between the changes in hypertrophic geometric patterns of the left ventricle and the changes in metabolic-hormonal parameters and indicators of mineral metabolism depending on the allelic state of the AGT (rs4762) and GNB3 genes in patients with essential arterial hypertension (EAH). Material and methods. The case-control study involved 100 patients with EAH stage II, 1–3 degrees of blood pressure (BP) elevation, high and very high cardiovascular risk. Among the patients, there were 21% (21) men and 79% (79) women. The mean age of patients was 59.86 ± 6.22y.o. The control group consisted of 60 apparently healthy individuals, matched on age (49.13 ± 6.28y.o.) and gender distribution (63% women, 37% men). The lipid panel parameters were measured in blood plasma, including TC (total cholesterol), ТG (triglycerides), LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). All subjects were tested for serum levels of fasting glucose, ionized calcium, parathyroid (PTH) hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (Vit D). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and LVH models were examined by echocardiography. Clinical and anthropometric examination methods were used in the study. Results. Eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy (ELVH) in patients with EAH was associated with higher blood pressure than concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (CLVH): systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were higher by 3.29% and 3.95%, respectively (р ≤ 0.05–0.04). ELHV was associated with higher body mass index and waist circumference (WC) in women – by 7.80% and 7.40% (р ≤ 0.05–0.048), respectively. In addition, the ELVH development was characterized by a lower level of ionized Ca2+ in the blood vs. CLVH (by 2.54%, р = 0.021), while the concentration of PTH in a compensatory manner was higher by 23.86% (р = 0.047), which indicated the calcium homeostasis intensity in EAH patients. The lipids, glucose serum concentration and Vit D level were not associated with any hypertrophic model of myocardium. Conclusions. Lipid profile, blood glucose, and Vit D concentration did not determine the development of any type of the LVH. ELVH was associated with a lower level of Ca2+ and consequently an elevated level of PTH. The formation of ELVH in patients with EAH was accompanied by a higher level of blood pressure and was also associated with higher BMI and WC.