Urinary schistosomiasis in the Danjarima community in Kano, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Studies in northern Nigeria have suggested a linear relationship between urinary schistosomiasis and individual water-related activities. Knowledge of the perceptions of the local populace about schistosomoasis and of gender and cultural restrictions could be beneficial to control programmes. We studied the prevalence of urinary schistosomoasis and the socio-demographic factors associated with the disease in Danjarima community of Kano, northern Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey involving 890 subjects was conducted in the community. Urine samples were collected and examined for ova of Schistosoma haematobium using sedimentation technique. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to the subjects in order to determine their knowledge and perceptions about urinary schistosomiasis in relation to their cultures. Results: Eggs of S. haematobium were demonstrated in 370 (41.6%) of the urine sampled examined. The highest prevalence rate of 54.4% infection with S. haematobium was recorded in Zaura sub-village while the lowest rate of 6.4% was observed in Sabon-Fegi. More males (55.9%) were infected than females (3.7%) and the difference between the infection rate in males and females was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.01). The age group 10 to 14 years recorded the highest rate of infection (P ≤ 0.05) in both males (80.9%) and females (10.3%). Conclusion: The lack of adequate perception on the cause of urinary schistosomiasis and exposure to water bodies were responsible for the high prevalence of infection in Danjarima.